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A4C – Approved for Construction (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
A4PE – Authorization for Preliminary Engineering (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
AA&E – Arms, Ammunitions & Explosives (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
AADT – Annual Average Daily Traffic [Truck Volume] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
AAMA – American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
AAR – After Action Review (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
AARC – Advance Acquisition Review Committee (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
AASHTO – American Association of State Highway Transportation Offices [Greenbook] (Whelan et al., 2019)
ABET - Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology, Inc. [Accredits university/college engineering programs that prepare individuals to become certified Bridge Inspectors] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
ABS – acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
ACG Method – Associated General Contractors of America Method of Life Cycle Analysis (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
ACM – Asbestos-Containing Material (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
AC – Airborne Fiber Concentration (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
ACMR – Adjusted Collapse Margin Ratio [computed by multiplying CMR – Collapse Margin Ratio by the SSF – spectral shape factor] (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
ADA – Americans with Disabilities Act (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
ACE – Area Construction Engineer (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ADHS – Appalachian Development Highway System [project fund allocation determined prior to 40/30/30 Split] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ADL – Activities of Daily Living (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
ADR – Amplitude Domain Reflectometry [Detection of change of dielectric permittivity of scoured soil via integrated electromagnetic sensors] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
ADSD – Added Damping and Stiffness Connections used between CLT panels and for shear resistance (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
ADT – Average Daily Traffic (Whelan et al., 2019)
A/E – Architect/Engineer (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
AFMAN – Airforce Manual (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
AFRA – Automated Funding Request Application (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
AI – Artificial Intelligence (Tan et al., 2020)
AHA – Activity Hazard Analysis (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
AHAP – Asbestos Hazard Abatement Plans (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
AHERA - Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
AHMP – Asbestos Hazard Management Program (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
AHP – Analytical Hierarchy Process (Whelan et al., 2019)
AHJ – Authority Having Jurisdiction (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
AIA – American Institute of Architects (DOWSIL, 2021)
AIHA – American Industrial Hygiene Association – Sponsors the Asbestos Registry (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
AISI – American Iron and Steel Institute (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
AM – Access Management (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
AMPO – Association of Metropolitan Planning Organizations (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
ANOVA – Analysis of Variance (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
ANSI – American National Standards Institute (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
APA – Administrative Procedures Act (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
APA – Engineered Wood Association (Zhang et al, 2021)
APA – American Planning Association’s Transportation Planning Division (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
API – American Petroleum Institute (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
APP – Accident Prevention Plan (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
AR – Army Regulation (EM 385-1-1)
A-RMC – Airlift Reverse Mud Circulation (IRC, 2018)
AREMA – American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association [Manual for Railway Engineering] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ARIA - Aerial Robot Infrastructure Analyst [Project by Carnegie Mellon University on UAV Bridge Inspections] (Pryor, G., 2021)
ASHARA – Asbestos School Hazard Abatement Reauthorization Act (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
ASHRAE – American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
ASR – Alkali Silica Reactivity (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
ASSE - The American Society of Inspectors of Plumbing and Sanitary Engineers (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
ASTM – American Society for Testing and Materials (EFCO, 2016)
ATF – Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
ATAAC – Air-to-air-aftercooled (aka CAC or Charge-air-cooled) (Caterpillar, 226D, 2016)
ATLAS – Advancing Transportation Through Linkages, Automation and Screening (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
ATMS – Advanced Traffic Management System (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ATSA – Aviation and Transportation Security Act (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
ATSPM – Automated Traffic Signal Performance Metrics (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
AUC – Area Under Curve [total area under ROC curve calculated via numerical integration, performance metric evaluate classification models] (Whelan et al., 2019)
AUE – Aerial Utility Easement (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
B-A – Before-After Study Method for Corridor Analysis based on assumption that no changes are made except for the technique to be implemented (as compared to C-S Study Method) (NCHRP Document 256
BC of MANLAA – Biological Conclusion of May Affect, Not Likely to Adversely Affect [a listed species, and requires Informal Consultation] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
BC or MALAA – Biological Conclusion of May Affect, Likely to Adversely Affect [a listed species, and requires Formal Consultation including Biological Assessment by NCDOT and Biological Opinion of USFWS or NMFS] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
BCFII – British Columbia Forestry Innovation Investment [organization involved in developing Cross-Laminated Timber building innovations] (Zhang et al, 2021)
BHF – Bottomland Hardwood Forest (Wang et al., 2020)
BHI – Bridge Health Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
BIRM – Bridge Inspector’s Reference Manual (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
BL – Bridge Length (Whelan et al., 2019)
BMIP – Bridge Maintenance and Improvement Plan (Whelan et al., 2019)
BMS – Bridge Management System (Whelan et al., 2019)
BOM – Bill of Material (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
BRB – Buckling-Restrained Brace provides for rocking mechanism of the lateral system in an uncoupled CLT connection design (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
BRT – Bus Rapid Transit (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
BSR – Bridge Survey and Hydraulic Design Reports (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
BTU – British Thermal Unit (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
BVLOS – Beyond Visual Line of Sight [Utilization of Drones as approved by FAA for the inspection of Bridges] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
C/A – Control of Access [Line] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
CAD – Computer Aided Design (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
CAFM – Computer Aided Facilities Management (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
Caltrans – California Department of Transportation (Whelan et al., 2019)
CAMA – Coastal Area Management Act (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CARB – California Air Resources Board (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
CBD – Central Business District (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CC – Cubic Centimeter of Air (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
CCPCUA – Central Coastal Plain Capacity Use Area (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CCA – Cold Cranking Amps for Engine Battery (Caterpillar, 226D, 2016)
CCR – Community Characteristics Report (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CCR – Construction Change Request [initiated by NCDOT RCU if post-ICI changes are required, resulting in Construction Revision or CREVs] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CCTV – Closed Circuit Television (IRC, 2018)
CDC – United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
CE – Categorical Exclusion [These are supposed to take 1 year or less, per the NCDOT Goals of “3,2,1”] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021) (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
CEF – Cost Effectiveness Factor (Whelan et al., 2019)
CFR – Code of Federal Regulations (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
CG – Capacity Goal (Whelan et al., 2019)
CI – Consistency Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
CIH – Certified Industrial Hygienist (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
CDL – Commercial Driver’s License (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
CE – Categorical Exclusion (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CFI – Continuous Flow Intersection (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CGIA – North Carolina Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
CHRC – Fingerprint Based Criminal History Record Checks (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
CID – GSA Commercial Item Descriptions (DOWSIL, 2021)
CIH – Certified Industrial Hygienist (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
CDE – Corridor Development Engineer (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CIP – Capital Improvement Program (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
CIR – Cold in Place Recycling of bituminous pavement (IRC, 2018)
CIRIA C742 – Construction Industry Research and Information Association Manual on scour at bridges and other hydraulic structures, second edition [UK Based] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
CBP – Customs and Border Protection (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
CDR – Commander (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
CLEAR – Communicate Lessons, Exchange Advice, Record [identify lessons learned (LL), best practices (BP). This database, including department wide LL and BPs, is maintained by the Value Management Office (VMO) (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CLOMR – Conditional Letter of Map Revision [FEMA Compliance Package] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CLT – Cross-Laminated Timber (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
CMAQ – Congestion Mitigation Air Quality [project funds allocated prior to 40/30/30 split] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CMC – Continuous Mud Circulation (IRC, 2018)
CMF – Crash Modification Factor (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CMS – Conditional Mean Spectrum is a popular method of defining the target response spectrum when building seismic fragility curves for dynamic analysis using ground motion (GM) records (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
COC – Concealed Overhead Closer (EFCO, 2016)
COF – Child Occupied Facility (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
CONUS – Continental United States (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
CP – Collapse prevention of CLT buildings (Tesfamariam et al, 2021) CP1 – Merger Concurrence Point 1 [initiating environmental review as part of project initiation process (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CPA – Certified Public Accountant (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
CPE – Chlorinated Polyethylene (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
CPI – Consumer Price Index (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
CPIH – Contractor’s Professional Industrial Hygienist (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
CPM – Critical Path Method (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
CPSC – Consumer Products Safety Commission (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
CPVC – Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
CR – Consistency Ratio (Whelan et al., 2019)
CR – Constructability Review (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CRP – Cooperative Research Program (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CR-RAVE – Constructability Review, Risk Assessment, and Value Engineering (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
C-S Study Method – Cross Sectional Study Method based on large database of information collectively describing traffic, road, crash history of corridors (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CSA – Canadian Standards Association (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
CS&D – Contract Standards & Development (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CSL – Crosshole Sonic Logging [Reports] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CSR – Culvert Survey and Hydraulic Design Reports (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CSS – Closed Side Setting (IRC, 2018)
CSV – Comma-Separated Values (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CTA – Classification Tree Analysis [aka CART – Classification and Regression Trees] (Wang et al., 2020)
CTBI – Central Tie Bar Inserter (IRC, 2018)
CTP – Comprehensive Transportation Plan (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
CUTR – Center for Urban Transportation Research (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
CV – Coefficient of Variation (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
CVN – Charpy V-Notch Value used to determine toughness of materials (e.g. modern steel is high in toughness) (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
CVSA – Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
DBI – Dowel Bar Inserter (IRC, 2018)
DBME - Division Bridge Mantainence Engineer (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
DC – Deck Condition [Bridge Deck] (Whelan et al., 2019)
DCE – Division Construction Engineer (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DCP – Dynamic Cone Penetration (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DDC – Division Design and Construct [projects] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
DC – Design Complete [M1007] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DCIA – Direct Community Impact Area (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DDI – Diverging Diamond Interchange (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
DDL – Division Design and Let [projects] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
DEC – Daily Effective Circulation (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
DEIS – Draft Environmental Impact Statement (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
DEM – Digital Elevation Model (Wang et al., 2020)
DHD – Defense Highway Designation (Whelan et al., 2019)
DK – Deck Rating (Whelan et al., 2019)
DL – Detour Length (Whelan et al., 2019)
DLC – Dry Lean Concrete (IRC, 2018)
DMC – Direct Mud Circulation (IRC, 2018)
DMV – Department of Motor Vehicles (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
DNR – Design Noise Report (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DODI – Department of Defense Instruction (EM 385-1-1)
DOT – Department of Transportation (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
DTA – Differential Therma Analysis (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
DTREE – Diagram Tree (Whelan et al., 2019)
DAG – HAZMAT Direct Action Group (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
DSA – Demographic Study Area (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DSIP – Domestic Security Integrated Program (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
DLA – Defense Logistics Agency (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
DPOC – Division Purchase Order Projects [Division-let Projects] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DSN – Defense Switched Network (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
DSR – Double Single Reinforced Bailey Bridge (IRC, 2018)
DSR – Detour Survey and Hydraulic Design Reports (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
DTH – Down the Hole Method (IRC, 2018)
DTTS – Defense Transportation Tracking System (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
DUE – Drainage/Utility Easement (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
DWV – Drainage, Waste and Vent System (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
E&SC – Erosion and Sediment Control Plans (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
EAU – Environmental Analysis Unit (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ECAP – Environmental Coordination and Permitting [for Natural Resources Technical Report, WEX/WET file, Section 7 Surveys] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
e-CAT – OSHA Electronic Compliance Assistance Tool
ECDF – Empirical Cumulative Distribution Function (Whelan et al., 2019)
EDTV – Express Design Traffic Volumes [simplified method used during Express Design phase] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
EA – Environmental Assessments [These are supposed to take 2 years or less, as part of meeting the Goal of “3,2,1”] (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
EAC – Equivalent Annual Cost (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
EGB Method – Equipment Guide Book Method (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment [performed on Cross-Laminated Timber Buildings using the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings. Environmental impact effects are examined based on LEED v4 Five Impact criteria: global warming potential (GWP), ozone depletion, acidification, eutrophication, non-renewable energy. Cross-Laminated Timber buildings may demonstrate a net-negative impact (aka reversal effect) on global warming due to the wood material’s carbon sequestration properties. Other criteria include Smog Potential (SP) when comparing Timber to Concrete] (Iqbal et al, 2021)
EIS – Environmental Impact Statements [These are supposed to take 3 years or less to complete, as part of meeting the Goal of “3,2,1”] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021) (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
ELN – Existing Alignments (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ENT – Elastic No-Tension [spring element that forms part of the parallel system model used to demonstrate contact between CLT walls, base or RC beam, and between CLT panels] (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
EO – Executive Order (EM 385-1-1)
ERAP – Canadian Emergency Response Assistance Plan (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
EPA –United States Environmental Protection Agency (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
EPB – Earth Pressure Balance TBM (IRC, 2018)
ERG – Emergency Response Guidebook (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
ESA – Endangered Species Act (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ESRI – Environmental Systems Research Institute (Nicholas et al., 2021)
ETRACS – Environmental Tracking & Coordination System (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
EUAC – Equivalent Uniform Annual Cost (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
FA – Federal Aid [Projects] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FAA – Federal Aviation Administration (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
FAR – Federal Acquisition Regulation (EM 385-1-1)
FCCM – Facilities Capital Cost of Money (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
FCM – Fracture Critical Member [Steel member in tension/with tension element “whose failure would likely cause a portion of or the entire structure to collapse” (p. 2-10). These members are found within the girder, truss, pin, hanger, suspension span, cross-girder, pier caps system, etc.] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
FCE – Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation [used with AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) to measure the risk of any damage to the bridge’s bearing capacity] (Tan et al., 2020)
FDOT – Florida Department of Transportation (Whelan et al.,2019)
FEM – Finite Element Method [used to develop a simulation model for the monitoring of timber bridge performance based on hygro-thermal data collection] (Fortino, et al. 2021)
FEV (1.0) – Forced Expiratory Volume at 1 Second (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
FGIA – Fenestration & Glazing Industry Alliance (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
FERC – Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
FFT – Fast Fourier Transform [applied to free vibration regions when comparing contact-type accelerometer function to the non-contact type LDV, used to assess Cross-Laminated Timber structural integrity and performance] (Zhang et al, 2021)
FI – Field Inspection [M1006] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
FII BSLC – Forestry Innovation Investment and Binational Softwood Lumber Council [International survey of tall wood buildings 8/10 of which utilized Cross-Laminated Timber as the main lateral system or floor paneling system. (Iqbal et al, 2021)
FIRREA – Financial Institution Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act of 1989 (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FHWA – Federal Highway Administration (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FLUSA – Future Land Use Study Area (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
FMCSR – Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
FMCSA – Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
FMV – Fair Market Value (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FOA – Field Operating Activities (EM 385-1-1)
FOG – Filter, Oil and Grease Costs (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
FONSI – Finding of No Significant Impact [Statement] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FOPS – Falling Object Protective Structure (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
F-N-R – Forward/Neutral/Reverse Contol Lever (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
FRA – Federal Railroad Administration (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
FR – Pump Flow Rate (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
FRL – Finished Road Level (IRC, 2018)
FRP – Fiber Reinforced Polymer Decks, light non-corroding (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
FSA – Farm Services Agency (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
FSP – Fiber Saturation Point [of laminated timber bridge deck] (Fortino, et al. 2021)
FSU/CDU – Feasibility Studies Unit/Corridor Development Unit (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
FTA – Fault Tree Analysis (Tan et al., 2020)
FVC – Forced Vital Capacity (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
FWD – Falling Weight Deflectometer (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
FWHP-HR – Fuel per flywheel horsepower hour (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
GIS – Geographic Information Systems (Wang et al., 2020)
GAO – Government Accountability Office (Whelan et al.,2019)
GFCI – Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupter (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
GNSS/IMU – Global Navigation Satellite System/Inertial Measurement Unit (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
GPM – Gallons per Minute (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
GPR – Ground Penetrating Radar [Determination of water-sediment interface using radar via manually operated machinery for bridge scour measurements] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
GRP – Ground Reference Plane (IRC, 2018)
GSA – General Services Administration (DOWSIL, 2021)
GSB – Granular Sub-Base (IRC, 2018)
GSC – Geological Survey of Canada (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
HAGL – Height Above Grade Level (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
HARF – Hardship Acquisition Request Form (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
HAWK – High-Intensity Activated Crosswalk Beacon traffic control device (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
HAWKS – Helping All Work Zones Keep Safe (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
HAZCOM – Hazardous Communications (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
HHCU – Health Hazards Control Unit (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
HCl – Hydrochloric Acid (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
HCM – Highway Capacity Manual (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
HEC-18 – Hydraulic Engineering Circular 18 by Ameson et al. 2012 [scour assessment process] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
HEPA – High-Efficiency Particulate Air (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
HF – High Frequency (IRC, 2018)
HI – Health Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
HIPR – Hot in Place Recycling (IRC, 2018)
HM – Hazardous Material (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
HMR – Hazardous Materials Regulations (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
HN – Host Nation (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
HP – Horse Power (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
HPLC – High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
HPS – High Performance Steel (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
HQUSACE – Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers (EM 385-1-1)
HQW – High Quality Waters [NC Department of Environmental High Quality Waters] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
HSK – Holz-Stahl-Komosit connections used to prevent the sliding of CLT walls (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
HSM – Highway Safety Manual [AASHTO] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
HVAC – Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
HWF – Headwater Forest (Wang et al., 2020)
IACO – International Civil Aviation Organization (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
IATA – International Air Transportation Association (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
IBC – Intermediate Bulk Containers (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
ICE – Indirect and Cumulative Effects [Screening Report] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ICE – Intersection Control Evaluation [informally conducted for each intersection to be improved as part of project] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ICI – Internal Construction Inquiry [initiated by NCDOT RCU or Railroad partner during 5RR1 Railroad Construction Support phase] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ICM – Integrated Corridor Management [PPO – Project Process Outline] [part of Traffic Systems Operations Scoping] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ICT – Intermediate Contract Times (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
IDA – Incremental Dynamic Analysis (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
IIV – Influential Independent Variables likely to have practical significance on performance measure (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
ILEV – CAT Intelligent Leveling System (Caterpillar, 226D, 2016)
IMAP – Incident Management Assistance Patrol (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
IMD – Integrated Mobility Division (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
IMDCG – International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
IMPLAN – Impact Analysis for Planning [contains interindustry linkages that serve as a basis for an input-output platform for North Carolina’s industrial sectors] (Nicholas et al., 2021)
INDOT – Indiana Department of Transportation (Whelan et al., 2019)
InSAR – Satellite Data-based Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry [high spatial resolution bridge monitoring] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
IR – Infrared Absorption (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
IRI – Pavement Roughness (Whelan et al.,2019)
IP – Inch-Pound (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
IPA – Isopropyl Alcohol (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
IPD – Integrated Project Delivery (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
IPA – Isopropyl Alcohol (AAMA 2400-20, 2020) e IR (use of infrared cameras to capture IR radiation from object in comparison to the IR radiation being emitting from surroundings) or Active IR (external source of laser/light is used to heat up the object in question to obtain its temperature gradient and is more commonly used for NDT)] (Pryor, G., 2021)
ISDR – Interstory Drift Ratios measurements used in design earthquake level analyses to determine acceptable levels of drift in the event of an earthquake (Tesfamariam et al, 2021) MaxISDR for the X and Y direction may vary based on the NBC CP Levels.
ITE – Institute of Transportation Engineers (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
ITS – Intelligent Transportation System [devices] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
JC – Joint Compound (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
KABC PDO – Severity Categories to define vehicular crashes. K – fatal, A – incapacitating injury, B – non-incapacitating injury, C- possible injury, PDO – Property damage only. (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
KBE – Knowledge Based Expert Systems (Tan et al., 2020)
Kip – 1000 lbs (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
KPM – Key Performance Measures (Whelan et al., 2019)
KW – Kilowatt (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
LADA – Location and Design Approval Letter (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LBP – Lead Based Paint (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
LCCA – (Equipment) Life-Cycle Cost Analysis (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
LCD – Liquid-crystal Display (Caterpillar, 226D, 2016)
LDV – Laser Doppler Vibrometer [used as a rapid assessment tool to assess Cross-Laminated Timber by measuring non-contact transverse vibration waves, shown to be similar in accuracy to traditional contact based accelerometers] (Zhang et al, 2021)
LEDPA – Least Environmentally Damaging Practical Alternative (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LEED® – Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (DOWSIL, 2021)
LGP – Low Ground Pressure (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
LiDAR – Laser Imaging, Detection and Ranging (Wang et al., 2020)
LOGIT – Logistic Regression Model (Wang et al., 2020)
LOMR – Letter of Map Revision NCFMP (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LRRB – Local Road Research Board (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
LOS – Level of Service [Includes 6 Levels A-F reflecting “practical capacity” of a roadway categorized by average spacing between vehicles, maximum density defined by the number of passenger vehicles per mile per lane, etc.] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LRFD – Load and Resistance Factor Design [Bridge Design Manual] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LRFR – Load and Resistance Factor Rating (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LSD – Limit States Design (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
LRFD – Load Resistance Factor Design (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
LRS – Load Rating Score (Whelan et al., 2019)
LRTP – Long Term Transportation Plan (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
LSC – Limited Service Contract [awarded to PEF (Private Engineering Firms) and renewed every two years](NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
LTPP – Loss of Tangible Personal Property [Payment] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
LTV – Lower Heating Value (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
LUSA – Land Use Scenario Assessment (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MAP – EPA Model Accreditation Plan (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
MAP-21 – Moving Ahead For Progress in the 21stCentury Legislation (Whelan et al.,2019)
MASH – Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware [Devices/Safety Features used to perform bridge inspections should be MASH compliant] (Pryor, G., 2021)
MassDOT – Massachusettes Department of Transportation (Pryor, G., 2021)
MATLAB – “Matrix Laboratory” Multi-paradigm programming language used in traffic flow simulations (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
MAUT – Multi-Attibute Utility Theory [seismic dynamic retrofit optimization of bridge failures used to aid decision making for the timing and degress of bridge renovation method] (Tan et al., 2020)
MAV – Micro Air Vehicles [Project ARIA drones with inertial measurement unit, GPS, single-laser scanner, octo-roto, three video cameras that may be superior to drones using ground-based sensors] (Pryor, G., 2021)
MBE – Manual for Bridge Evaluation [AASHTO] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
MBIU – Mobile Bridge Inspection Unit (IRC, 2018)
MC – Moisture Content [of Cross-Laminated Timber] (Fortino, et al. 2021)
MCE – Mixed Cellulose Ester (Federal Register, OSHA, Asbestos Construction, 2000)
MCE – Maximum Considered Earthquake [2% in 50 years used as an input into collapse fragility curves for CLT buildings in seismic zones] (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
MCSim – MonteCarlo Simulation (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
MDOT - Michigan Department of Transportation (Pryor, G., 2021)
MEK – Methy Ethylene Ketone (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
MERV – Minimum Efficiency Reporting Values (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
MEWP – Mobile Elevating Work Platform (IRC, 2018)
MFA – Microscope Count Field Area (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
MFWD – Mechanical Front Wheel Drive (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
MIS – Moisture Induced Stresses [perpendicular to the grain in wooden members in Cross-Laminated Timber, caused by daily variations in relative humidities] [The most critical MIS are those tensile stresses perpendicular to the grain exceeding the Eurocodes prescribed limits] (Fortino, et al. 2021)
MMS – Maintenance Management System (Whelan et al., 2019)
ML – Machine Learning (Wang et al., 2020)
MLE – Maximum Likelihood Estimation [used for binary logistic regression to calculate regression coefficients in Minitab] (Whelan et al., 2019)
MLS – Multiple Listing Service (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
MMLOS – Multimodal Level of Service (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
MMPA – Marine Mammal Protection Act (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MMVC – Maximum Minimum Vertical Clearance [Distance from closest vertical point from through lanes to sign structure – 10 ft. away from highest vertical point to sign structure] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
MO – Mobility Officer (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
MOA – Memorandum of Agreement (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MOE – Measures of Effectiveness (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MOU - Memorandum of Understanding (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MPO – Metropolitan Planning Organization (Whelan et al.,2019)
MPWFSD – Minneapolis Public Works Fleet Services Division (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
MR&R – Maintenance, Repair and Rehabilitation (Whelan et al.,2019)
MSDS – Material Safety Data Sheet (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
M-Sand – Manufactured Sand (IRC, 2018)
MSE – Mechanically Stabilized Earth Retaining Walls PLS (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
MTKN – Midwestern Transportation Knowledge Network (Whelan et al., 2019)
MTRI – Michigan Technical Research Institute [developing systems for drone-based bridge inspections with Michigan DOT] (Pryor, G., 2021)
MUTCD – Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices [Federal Highway Administration] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NA – Neutral Axis (Force = 0) (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
NAAMM – National Association of Architectural Metal Manufacturers (EFCO, 2016)
NACE – National Association of County Engineers (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
NACTO – National Association of City Transportation Officials (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NAICS – North American Industry Classification System (Nicholas et al., 2021)
NARC – National Association of Regional Councils (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
NATM – New Austrian Tunneling Method (IRC, 2018)
NBC – National Building Code of Canada (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
NBI – National Bridge Inventory (Whelan et al., 2019)
NBIS – National Bridge Inspection Standards (Whelan et al., 2019)
NCDEQ – North Carolina Department of Environmental Quality (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NCDOT – North Carolina Department of Transportation (Whelan et al.,2019)
NCDWR – North Carolina Division of Water Resources (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NCEM – North Carolina Emergency Management CDE (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NCFMP – North Carolina Flood Plain Mapping Program (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NCHRP – National Cooperative Highway Research Program (Whelan et al., 2019)
NC LHMP-RRP – North Carolina Lead Hazard Management Program-Renovation, Repair and Painting Program, State Run (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
NCLM – North Carolina League of Municipalities (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
NC-NDT – Non-Contact Non-Destructive Testing [Methods that do not require any instrument to be pressed against the bridge member surface directly, allowing a drone instead to hover over the area at a further distance and obtain a larger area measurement of bridge member metal thickness loss due to corrosion] (Pryor, G., 2021)
NCSMUTCD – North Carolina Supplement to the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NCSU – North Carolina State University (Whelan et al., 2019)
NDE – Non-destructive Evaluation [methods to assess Cross-Laminated Timber structures after they have been installed since CLT mechanical properties are time-dependent as well as dependent on the environmental conditions to which they are subjected. Includes UT and LDV.] (Zhang et al, 2021)
NDT - Non-Destructive Testing [Ultrasonic, radiographic, thermographic, eddy-current tests to detect bridge structural geometry or deterioration] (Pregnolato et al., 2021)
NEA – Negative Exposure Assessment (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
NEPA – National Environmental Policies Act (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
NF – Normal Frequency (IRC, 2018)
NESHAP - National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
NEW – Net Explosive Weight (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
NFPA – National Fire Protection Association (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
NHFP – National Highway Freight Program (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NHI – National Highway Institute (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
NHPP – National Highway Performance Program [Funding Bucket initially set to cover Interstate Maintenance Projects over the next 10 years, that may be changed later to the NHFP] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NRHP – National Registry of Historic Places (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NHS – Non-Highway Service (Tires) (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
NHS – National Highway System (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
NICET – National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies [Provides Level III and Level IV Bridge Safety Inspector Certifications] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
NIOSH – National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
NIST – National Institute for Standards and Technology (Federal Register, OSHA, Asbestos Construction, 2000)
NLCD – National Land Cover Database (Wang et al., 2020)
NLTHA – Non-linear Time History Analysis (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
Nm – Newton-Metre (Measurement of Torque, aka “Moment”) (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
NMFS – National Marine Fisheries Service (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NMT – Norwegian Method of Tunneling (IRC, 2018)
NOAA – National Oceanic, Atmospheric Administration (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NORR – Notice of Regulatory Requirements [per Waste Management Division of Department of Environmental Quality] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
NOS – Not Otherwise Specified (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
NOTAM – Notice to Airmen (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
NPDES – National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System [stormwater permit for NCDOT NCS000250] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NPE – Negative Pressure Enclosure (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
NRC – National Response Center (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
NRC – National Research Council of Canada (Iqbal, A. et al, 2021)
NRM – Non-Recurring Maintenence (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
NRMM – European Non-Road Mobile Machinery (Emissions Limits) (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
NRTR – Natural Resources Technical Report (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NS – Norfolk Southern [Public Projects Manual] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021
NSERC – National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (Zhang et al, 2021)
NTIS – National Technical Information Service (Whelan et al., 2019)
NTM – Non-Transferable Median (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
NTP – Notice to Proceed [M0965] – Official notice received by PEF or consultant to proceed work (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
NVA – Non-Vegetated Vertical Accuracy [Elevation Data from NCDOT QL1 and QL2 Geodatabase is provided at 8 points per meter including intensity values and supports NVA at 95% confidence level] (NCDOT, 2021, Best Available Elevation Data Summary)
NVLAP – National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program of the NIST (Federal Register, OSHA, Asbestos Construction, 2000)
ODOT – Ohio Department of Transportation (Whelan et al., 2019)
O&M Costs – Operate and Maintain (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
OpenSees - Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
ORA - Operational Risk Assessments (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
ORM – OSHA Reference Method (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
ORM-D – Other Regulated Material – Domestic (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
OSB – Oriented Strand Board (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
OSHA – Occupational Safety and Health Administration (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
OSHA-SLTC – Occupational Safety and Health Administration Salt Lake Technical Center (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
P5.0 – Prioritization 5.0 framework (Whelan et al., 2019)
PACM – Presumed Asbestos-Containing Material (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PAT – Proficiency Analytical Testing Program (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PATRIOT ACT – Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept ad Obstruct Terrorism Act (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
PB – Polybutylene (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
PBL – US Naval Patrol Boat Light (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
PBRA – Performance-Based Resource Allocation [Decision Making Framework] (Whelan et al., 2019)
PCB – Polychlorinated Biphenyls (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
PCC – Plain Cement Concrete [Surfacing] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
PCF – Penetrating Cone Fracture (IRC, 2018)
PCI – Pavement Condition Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
PCM – Phase Contrast Microscopy (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PC/MVM – Pedestrian-Vehicle Crash Count per One Million Vehicle Miles (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
PCLS – Pressure Compensated Load Sensing (i.e. axial piston pumps) (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
PCSP – Post Construction Stormwater Program [defines implementation of BMP Toolbox] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PDA – Pile Driving Analyzer [Reports] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PDAs – Probable Development Areas (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PDE – Permanent Drainage Easement (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
PDEA – Project Development and Environmental Analysis [Unit] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
PDI – [Geotechnical] Pavement Design Investigation (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PDN – Project Delivery Network (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PE – Polyethylene (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
PEF – Private Engineering Firms (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PEL – Permissible Exposure Limit (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PEL – Planning and Environmental Linkage (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PET – Post-Encroachment Time (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
PEX – Polyethylene Cross Linked Plastic Tubing (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
PFAS – Personal Fall Arrest System (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
PFD – Personal Flotation Device (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
PFT – Pulmonary Function Test (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PGD – Preliminary General Drawings LRFD (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PHMSA – Pipeline and Hazardous Material Safety Administration (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
PICSViz – Public Involvement, Community Studies, and Visualization (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PIH – Poison Inhalation Hazard (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
PIO – [Comms PIO] Public Information Officer [Works with Project Lead to development public communications timeline, public meetings, media inquiries, etc.] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PLC – Programmable Logic Controller (IRC, 2018)
PLM – Polarized Light Microscopy (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
PLS – Professional Land Surveyor [Seal to certify Right-of-Way Field Delineation on Final ROW Series Plan Sets] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PNT – Perceptive Navigation Technology [allows drone fight without GPS signal, developed by Union Pacific Railway for drone-based railroad bridge inspections] (Pryor, G., 2021)
PONTIS – AASHTOWare Bridge Management Software program, stores bridge inspection/inventory data based on coding guidelines per FHWA National Bridge Inventory system (FHWA-NHI-130101, 2021)
PPE – Personal Protective Equipment (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
PPN – Pavement Priority Number (Whelan et al., 2019)
PPSM – Points per Square Meter [Referring to LiDAR bare earth data collected with linear aerial sensors which is downloaded by NCDOT Photogrammetry Unit to create two Geodatabases (classified bare earth and a 10-foot DEM)] (NCDOT, 2021, Best Available Elevation Data Summary)
PQC – Pavement Quality Concrete (IRC, 2018)
PR – Performance Relationship (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
PRC – [Location & Surveys] Project Review Checklist (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PRI – Priority Replacement Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
PSL – Parallam [mass-timber columns used in Tall Wood Building systems using Cross-Laminated Timber, used for the highest loaded zones of the building] (Iqbal et al, 2021)
PS – Pferdestärke (Engine “Horse Strength” measurement in German) (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
PS&E – Plans, Specifications and Estimates (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
PSI – Pounds per Square Inch (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
PSIA – Pounds per Square Inch Absolute (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
PSHA – Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis tool based on Monte Carlo simulations (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
PSM – Peurifoy and Schexnayder Method (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
pSMP – Preliminary Stormwater Management Plan (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PSN – Proper Shipping Name (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
PSR – Project Scoping Report (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
PTO – Power Take Off (IRC, 2018)
PV+ - Positive Predictive Value (Whelan et al., 2019)
PV- - Negative Predictive Value (Whelan et al., 2019)
PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
QC/QA – Quality Control/Quality Assurance (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
QL2 – Quality Level 2 [Aerial LIDAR Elevation Data] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
QLFT – Qualitative Fit Test (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
QNFT – Quantitative Fit Test (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
RACM – Regulated Asbestos Containing Material (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
RACM CAT 1 - Regulated Asbestos Containing Material Category 1 (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
RAC – River Assault Craft (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
RAW – Risk Assessment Worksheet (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
Rail S&E – Railroad Surface and Encroachment [Section in the Engineering Coordination & Safety Branch of Rail Division] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
RBP – Reclaimed Bituminous Pavement (IRC, 2018)
RC – Reinforced concrete (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
RCBC – Reinforced Concrete Box Culvert (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
RCUT – Restricted Crossing U-Turn (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
RF – Random Forest Model (Wang et al., 2020)
RFI – Request for Information (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
RH – Relative Humidity (Fortino, et al. 2021)
RI – Random Consistency Index (Whelan et al., 2019)
RIN – Regulation Identifier Number (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
RMC – Reverse Mud Circulation (IRC, 2018)
RO – Rough Opening (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
RO [H] – Rough Opening Vertical Height (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
RO [W] – Rough Opening Horizontal Width (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
ROC – Receiving Operating Characteristic [curve, plots true positive rate vs false positive rate across all values above threshold] (Whelan et al., 2019)
ROM – Run-of-Mine (IRC, 2018)
ROPS – Roll Over Protection System (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
RPM – Revolutions per Minute (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
RPO – Rural Transportation Planning Organization (Whelan et al., 2019)
RQ – Reportable Quantity (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
RR&P – Lead Renovation, Repair and Painting Program (NCDHHS HHCU, 2021)
RRFB – Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
RSPA – Research and Special Programs Administration (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
RSS - Reinforced Soil Slopes [Pavement Stabilization Geotextiles] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
RSF – Riverine Swamp Forest (Wang et al., 2020)
RTOR – Right-Turn-On-Red (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
R/W – Right of Way (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
RWTS – Right of Way Transmittal Summary (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
SAE – Society of Automotive Engineers (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
SAED – Selected Area Electron Diffraction (Federal Register, Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
SAMs – Social Accounting Matrices [tables within IMPLAN providing input commodities of goods/services to produce an industry’s output, in this case the industries with higher dependence on “Truck Transportation.”] (Nicholas et al., 2021)
SB – Substructure Rating (Whelan et al., 2019)
SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (IRC, 2018)
SCBA – Self-Containing Breathing Apparatus (Federal Register, OSHA, Asbestos Construction, 2000)
SD – Security Directive (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
SDDC – Surface Deployment and Distribution Command (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
SDDOT – South Dakota Department of Transportation (Whelan et al., 2019)
SDL – Superimposed Dead Load (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
SEA – Safe Explosives Act (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
SEA – Strategic Environmental Assessment (Tan et al., 2020)
SEM – Scanning Electron Microscope (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
SEM – Sequential Excavation Method (IRC, 2018)
SEPA – State Environmental Policy Act (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
SHA – State Highway Agency (Whelan et al., 2019)
SHARP – OSHA Safety and Health Achievement Recognition Program (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
SHM – Structural Health Monitoring [sensors permanently installed on bridges or remote sensors collecting data in a continuous manner about bridge structural conditions] [anomaly detection, sensor deployment, model validation, threshold check, damage detection include scour monitoring] (Pregnolato et al., 2021, Section 2-3 and Table 2)
SHOPP – State Highway Operation Project Plan (Whelan et al., 2019)
SI&A – Structure Inventory and Appraisal [Implements QA/QC of bridge inspection reports and approves for WIGINS database storage] (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
SLTD – Stress Laminated Timber Decks (Fortino, et al. 2021)
SM – Surfacing Material (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
SMF – Strategic Mobility Formula [STI Funding allocation 40/30/30 Split with 40% for Statewide Mobility, 30% for Division Needs, 30% for Regional Impact] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
SMP – Stormwater Management Programs (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
SMSS – Satellite Motor Surveillance System (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
SMU – Structures Management Unit (Whelan et al., 2019)
SMV – Slow Moving Vehicle (John Deere, 310G, 2001)
SN40 – Pavement Friction (Whelan et al., 2019)
SNcfr - Structure Number (Whelan et al., 2019)
SOH – Safety and Occupational Health Program (EM 385-1-1)
SOFA – Status of Forces Agreements (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
S.O.S. – Scheduled Oil Sampling (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
SP – Superstructure Rating (Whelan et al., 2019)
SP – Special Permit (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
SPF – Safety Performance Function (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
SPOT – Strategic Prioritization Office (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
SPP – OSHA Strategic Partnership Program (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
SPR – State Planning and Research [Funds allotted by FHWA for applied research] (Pryor, G., 2021)
SQL – Structured Query Language (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
SR – Sufficiency Rating (Whelan et al., 2019)
SSAM – Surrogate Safety Assessment Model used to evaluate vehicle trajectory output to identify conflicts associated with relevant travel modes (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
SSG – Silicone Structural Glazed Curtain Wall (EFCO, 2016)
SSM – Statewide Strategic Mobility [Projects] (Whelan et al., 2019)
STBG-DA - Surface Transportation Block Grant-Direct Allocation [used as supplementary flex funds to support planning specifically for those MPOs designated as TMAs] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
STBI – Side Tie Bar Inserter (IRC, 2018)
STEL – Short-Term Exposure Limit (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
STI – State Transportation Investments [Legislation] (Whelan et al., 2019)
STI – Strategic Transportation Investment (Whelan et al., 2019)
STIP – State Transportation Improvement Program (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
STIP – State Transportation Infrastructure/Improvement Program (Whelan et al., 2019)
STRAHNET – Strategic Highway Network [When overhead/cantilever signs’ vertical clearance drop is below 16’ the FHWA/NCDOT must notify MTCM (Military Traffic Management Command)/SDDC (Surface Deployment and Distribution Command)] (p.2-20) (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
STOC – Statewide Transportation Operations Center (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
STS – Silicone Transition Strip (DOWSIL, 2021)
STURAA – Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act of 1987 (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
SUE – Subsurface Utility Engineering (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
SWRI – Sealant, Waterproofing, and Restoration Institute (DOWSIL, 2021)
T&E – Threatened and Endangered Species (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TAP – Technical Advisory Panel (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
TAP-DA – Transportation Alternative Program Direct-Allocation (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TBI – Tie Bar Inserter (IRC, 2018)
TBR – Tunnel Boring Machine (IRC, 2018)
TCM – Texturing and Curing Machine (IRC, 2018)
TEC – Time-to-Collision (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
TEM – Transmission Electron Microscope (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
TEPPL – Traffic Engineering Practices, Policies and Legal Authority (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TERM – Tx DOT Equipment Replacement Model (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
TI – Trucking Intensity [Weighted trucks used for commerce/agriculture passing through bridges may have cost impact on the bridge itself, but also may incur costs if a detour must be taken instead]. (Nicholas et al., 2021)
TICA – Transportation Impact Causing Activities (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TIL – Technical Information Library from the Office of Construction and Facilities Management (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
Timber-RC – Timber-reinforced concrete (Tesfamariam et al, 2021)
TIP – Transportation Improvement Program [Number] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
TISF – Transportation Investment Strategy Formula (Whelan et al., 2019)
THF – Tetrahydrofuran (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
THz – Terahertz [Radiation used to detect corrosion under painted surfaces using spectroscopy and can detect paint layer thickness and surface roughness] (Pryor, G., 2021)
TMC – Traffic Management Center (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TMP - Traffic Management Plan (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TNAQ – Traffic, Noise and Air Quality [Notification Scoping] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TNR – Traffic Noise Report (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TOF – Time of Flight [determined using first-wave arrival with amplitude exceeding 40 dB as a threshold measurement taken when comparing non-contact UT assessment methods with traditional contact tools to determine the status of Cross-Laminated Timber structural integrity, including wood member layers with a constant moisture level, as well as members exposed to the environment] (Zhang et al, 2021)
TPD – Transportation Planning Division (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TPR – Temperature-Pressure Relief (International Association of Certified Home Inspectors, 2015)
TRB – Transportation Research Board [Highway Capacity Manual] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
TSA – Transportation Security Administration (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
TSI – Thermal System Insulation (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
TTC – Time-to-Contact (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
TVS – Tunnel Ventilation Systems (IRC, 2018)
TWA – Time-Weighted Average Limit (Federal Register, OSHA Asbestos General Industry, 2004)
TWLTL – Two-Way Left-Turn Lane (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
TO – Transportation Officer (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
TREMCARDS – Transport Emergency Cards (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
TTC – Temporary Traffic Control (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
UAS – Unmanned Aerial Systems [Overseen by Iowa DOT (IDOT)’s Office of Aviation] (Pryor, G., 2021)
UAV – Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
UBC TWB – University of British Columbia Tall Wood Building [Student Housing Campus Building in Vancouver, Canada built using a hybrid concrete core and Cross-Laminated Timber and Glulam Wood systems] (Iqbal et al, 2021)
UBO – Utilities By Others – Plans included in the estimation of contract timelines (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
UEL – User Element Subroutine [in ABAQUS hygro-thermal analysis of timber bridge monitoring data, including heat transfer user element, structural user element, wave utility subroutine] (Fortino, et al. 2021)
UFP – U-Shaped Flexural Plates [connections used in joining Cross-Laminated Timber adjacent shear wall panels in the Vertical plane, manufactured from mild steel. When there is repeated loading in alternating directions to the wall panels, UFPs have shown to exhibit self-centering ability and energy dissipation to minimize displacement of CLT members] (Iqbal et al, 2021)
UHWM – Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
UN – United Nations (NCDOT, CDL Manual, 2017)
UL – Underwriters Laboratories (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
UMR – Utility Make Ready Plans [part of initiating Signal and ITS Design] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
URAR – Uniform Residential Appraisal Report [Form] (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
URL – Uniform Resource Locator (NCDOT, 2021, Best Available Elevation Data Summary)
USACHPPM – US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
USFWS – United States Fish and Wildlife (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
USCG – United States Coast Guard (Federal Register, DOT, RSPA, 2004)
USGS – United States Geological Survey CGIA (Wray & Wilson, 2019)
USPAP – Uniform Standards of Professional Appraisal Practice (NCDOT Division of Highways, ROW Manual, 2021)
USACHPPM – US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine (DOD, DTR-Part III, 2020)
USACE - United States Army Corps of Engineers (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
UST – Underground Storage Tanks (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
UT – Ultrasonic Technology [most effective at measuring the thickness of steel girders and other bridge members/elements when determining corrosion levels] (Pryor, G., 2021)
UT – Ultrasonic Testing [measures longitudinal wave speed through Cross-Laminated Timber to determine the impacts of moisture content and aging, a non-contact assessment method to determine the state of CLT structural integrity] (Zhang et al, 2021)
VCI – Vehicle Condition Index (Gransberg & O’Connor, 2015)
VE – Value Engineering [Checklist] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
VISSIM – Multi-modal traffic flow simulation software (NCHRP Document 256, 2018)
VMO – Value Management Office [hosts CLEAR database] (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
VOC – Volatile Organic Compound (DOWSIL, 2021)
VP – Vertical Roadway Under/Over Clearance Priority (Whelan et al., 2019)
VPAT – Variable Pitch, Power, Angle and Tilt Blade for D3C Tractors (Caterpillar, D3C, 1997)
VPIH – Veterans Affairs Professional Industrial Hygienist (Department of Veterans Affairs, 2011)
VPM – Vibrations per Minute (IRC, 2018)
VPP – Voluntary Protection Programs (OSHA 3096, Asbestos Construction Industry, 2002)
VSI – Vehicle Shaft Impactor (IRC, 2018)
VTT – Technical Research Center of Finland Ltd. [Developed sensors to monitor Stress-Laminated Timber Bridges performance. Sensor types include integrated humidity-temperature sensors with thermocouples measuring inside and outside temperatures, displacement sensors to monitor verticle and horizontal motion, force sensors monitoring tension force variation in the steel bars. (Fortino, et al. 2021)
VTrans – Vermont Agency of Transportation (Whelan et al., 2019)
V-WAC [Pitting Gauge] – Visual Weld Acceptance Criteria [Criteria established by NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) including depth of undercut, pitting depth, weld seam, etc.] (Pryor, G., 2021)
V(x) – Value Functions [Map individual measures of performance to normalized 1-100 scale, e.g. linear value function V(x) = 100 (z-A/B-A)] (Whelan et al., 2019, p.33-34)
WAMFEAT – Wetland Functional E-Assessment Tools (Wang et al., 2020)
WAMTAT – Wetland Type [Prediction] Automation Tool [using LiDAR data for non-coastal areas (Wang et al., 2020)
WASP – Work Zone Application for Special Provisions (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
WBS – Work Breakdown Structure [Element Number] (Whelan et al.,2019)
WIGINS – Wearable Inspection and Grading Information Network System (NCDOT, Draft SMU Inspection Manual, 2021)
WP – Clear Bridge Deck With Priority (Whelan et al.,2019)
WRB – Water Resistant Barrier (AAMA 2400-20, 2020)
WZTC – Work Zone Traffic Control (NCDOT, Integrated Project Delivery v.2.0, 2021)
XRD – X-Ray Diffraction
AAMA. (2020). Standard Practice for Installation of Windows with a Mounting Flange in Wood-Frame Construction Using Exterior Barrier Methods. An FGIA Standard. AAMA 2400-20. October 2020. https://www.milgard.com/sites/default/files/technical-resources/files/aama_2400-20_standard_practice_for_installation_of_windows_with_a_mounting_flange.pdf
Caterpillar. (1997). D3C Series III Hystat & Series III Track-Type Tractors. AEHQ5216 (4/97). https://static.bidadoo.com/PDF/Caterpillar/Caterpillar D3C III Dozer.pdf
Caterpillar. (2016). 226D Skid Steer Loader. AEHQ7483-01 (04-2016). https://s7d2.scene7.com/is/content/Caterpillar/C10504937
Department of the Army. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. (30 November 2014). EM 385-1-1. https://www.publications.usace.army.mil/portals/76/publications/engineermanuals/em_385-1-1.pdf
Department of Veterans Affairs. Asbestos Abatement Design Manual. (2011). Pages 1-33. https://www.cfm.va.gov/til/dManual/dmASBhosp.pdf
DOD. (2020). Defense Transportation Regulation (DTR) Part III Mobility, Appendix J. https://www.ustranscom.mil/dtr/part-iii/dtr_part_iii_app_j.pdf
Dow Chemical Company. (2021). DOWSIL TM Glazing Sealants Guide Specification. Pages 1-13. https://www.dow.com/content/dam/dcc/documents/en-us/compliance/63/63-62/63-6204-01-architectural-specifications-section-08-85-13.pdf?iframe=true
EFCO Corporation. (2016). Series 5500. Silicone Structural Glazed Curtain Wall. Installation Instruction. Pages 1-53. https://test.efcocorp.com/images/products/remote/instructions/Y554 - 5500 SSG.pdf
Federal Highway Administration, National Highway Institute. 2021. Course FHWA-NHI-130101 Safety Inspection of In-Service Bridges. https://www.nhi.fhwa.dot.gov/
Federal Register. Department of Transportation (DOT). (2004). Part IV. Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA). 49 CFR Part 107, et al. Hazardous Materials: Enhancing Hazardous Materials Federal Register. (2021). Transportation Security; Interim Final Rule. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2004/02/10/04-2751/hazardous-materials-enhancing-hazardous-materials-transportation-security
Federal Register. OSHA. (2000). Asbestos in Construction Standard. 29 CFR 1926.1101. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2000/10/31/00-27972/asbestos-in-construction-standard-extension-of-the-office-of-management-and-budgets-approval-of
Federal Register. OSHA. (2004). 29 CFR 1910.1001 Asbestos in General Industry. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2004/02/05/04-2492/asbestos-in-general-industry-standard-29-cfr-19101001-extension-of-the-office-of-management-and
Fortino, S., Hradil, P., Koski, K., Korkealaakso, A., Fülöp, L., Burkart, H. & Tirkkonen, T. (2021). Health Monitoring of Stress-Laminated Timber Bridges Assisted by a Hygro-Thermal Model for Wood Material. Applied Sciences, 11, 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11010098
Gransberg, D. & O’Connor P. Major Equipment Life-Cycle Cost Analysis. Final Report. (2015). Institute for Transportation, Iowa State University. Minnesota Department of Transportation Research Services & Library, April 2015. St. Paul, MN. http://www.dot.state.mn.us/research/TS/2015/201516.pdf
Iqbal, A. (2021). Developments in Tall Wood and Hybrid Buildings and Environmental Impacts. Sustainability, 13, 11881. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111881
IRC. Pocket Book for Road Construction Equipment. (2018). https://law.resource.org/pub/in/bis/irc/mort.245.2018.pdf
International Association of Certified Home Inspectors. (2015). Study Guide for Residential Plumbing Overview Inspectors Course. https://education.nachi.org/coursemedia/course-41/documents/StudyGuide_Residential Plumbing.pdf
Iqbal, A. (2021). Developments in Tall Wood and Hybrid Buildings and Environmental Impacts. Sustainability, 13, 11881. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132111881
John Deere. (2001). Backhoe Loaders Specifications. 310G 310SG. http://www.bagi.rs/c/document_library/get_file?p_l_id=10929&folderId=22131&name=DLFE-703.pdf
National Academy of Sciences Transportation Research Board. (2018). NCHRP Web-Only Document 256: Accessing Interaction Between Access Management Treatments and Multimodal Users. http://nap.edu/25344
Nicholas, C., Dudley, T., Bert, S., Norboge, N., List, G., & Findley, D. Identifying Bridges Critical to North Carolina Agriculture and Commerce. (2021). Institute for Transportation Research and Education. North Carolina State University. NCDOT Project 2020-20. FHWA/NC/2020-20. February 3, 2021. https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/RP2020-20_Final%20Report.pdf
North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NCDHHS), Health Hazards Control Unit (HHCU). (2021). Overview – NC Asbestos & Lead Hazard Management Rules & Regulations. Powerpoint Presentation. https://files.nc.gov/ncdoa/documents/files/Asbestos Hazard Management Program.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). (2017). Commercial Driver’s License Manual. https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/license-id/driver-licenses/new-drivers/Documents/commercial-driver-manual.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT), Division of Highways. (2021). Right of Way Manual. FHWA Approved until December 21, 2023. https://connect.ncdot.gov/business/ROW/ROWManualsandPublications/Right of Way Manual.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). (2021). Project Delivery Network (PDN). Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) June 2021. Version 2.0, Pages 1-316. https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/Project-Management/Documents/NCDOT_ProjectDeliveryNetwork_Version%202.0.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). Best Available Elevation Data Summary. (2021). https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Photogrammetry/Photogrammetry%20Documents/Best%20Available%20Elevation%20Data%20Summary_210129.pdf
North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT) Field Support. Structures Management Unit Inspection Manual. (NCDOT, SMU Inspection Manual) https://connect.ncdot.gov/resources/Structures/StructureResources/Inspection%20Manual.pdf
OSHA. United States Department of Labor. (2002). OSHA 3096: Asbetos Standard for the Construction Industry. https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/osha3096.pdf
Pregnolato, M., Vardanega, P.J., Limongelli, M.P., Giordano, P.F., & Prendergast, L.J. (2021). Risk-based bridge scour management: a survey. Cabot Institute for the EnvironmentEarthquake and Geotechnical EngineeringDepartment of Civil Engineering. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/risk-based-bridge-scour-management-a-survey#:~:text=title%20%3D%20%22Risk-based%20bridge%20scour%20management%3A%20a%20survey%22%2C,and%2For%20turbulent%20flows%20%28e.g.%20due%20to%20extreme%20events%29
Pryor, G. (2021). Utilizing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) for the Estimation of Beam Corrosion of Steel Bridge Girders. Masters Theses. 1021. University of Massachusetts Amherst. April 2021. ScholarWorks@Umass Amherst. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/1021/
Tan, J.S., Elbaz, K., Wang, Z.F., Shen, J.S., & Chen, J. (2020). Lessons Learnt from Bridge Collapse: A View of Sustainable Management. Sustainability. Volume 12;1205; doi: 10.3390/su12032105. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/3/1205/htm
Tesfamariam, S., Skandalos, K., Goda, K., Bezabehm M., Bitsuamlak, G., & Popovski, M. (2021). Quantifying the ductility-related force modification factor for 10-story timber-RC Hybrid Building Using FEMA P695 Procedure and considering the 2015 NBC Seismic Hazard. Journal of Structural Engineering, 147 (5): 04021052 . https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29ST.1943-541X.0003007
Wang, S., Smith, S., Davis, S., & Jiang, S. Improvements to NCDOT’s Wetland Prediction Model (Phase II) Final Report. (2020). NCDOT RP 2016-16. March 3, 2020. Department of Engineering Technology & Department of Computer Science. University of North Carolina at Charlotte, sponsored by NSDOT and USDOT. https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2016-16%20Final%20Report.pdf
Whelan, M., Cavalline, T., Aidan, A., Lane, K., Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of North Carolina Chalotte. (2019). Guidelines for the Prioritization of Bridge Replacement, Rehabilitation, and Preservation Projects. North Carolina Department of Transportation (NCDOT). NCDOT Project 2016-05, FHWA/NC/2016-05, July 2019. https://connect.ncdot.gov/projects/research/RNAProjDocs/2016-05FinalReport.pdf
Wray, S. & Wilson, E. Project ATLAS: Improving Project Development at NCDOT using GIS. (2019). NCDOT. https://www.esri.com/content/dam/esrisites/en-us/about/events/media/UC-2019/user-presentations/UC_191.pdf
Zhang, L., Tiemann, A., Zhang, T., Gauthier, T., Hsu, K., Mahamid, M., Moniruzzaman, P.K., & Ozevin, D. Nondestructive Assessment of Cross-Laminated Timber Using Non-Contact Transverse Vibration and Ultrasonic Testing. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products. March 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-020-01644-4
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: GENERAL DISCLAIMERS
The content provided in this Website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a source of advice about the material presented. The content provided does not constitute legal, financial, investment or business management advice and should never be used by Website visitors to make decisions or take action without first consulting with a professional to determine what may be best for the Website reader’s needs. Content contained or made available through this Website is not intended to and does not constitute legal advice, management advice, building construction advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed between the Site Owner and the Website readers. All Website readers should fully understand all the risks associated with any kind construction, building, and repair activity that they choose to participate in and fully understand the worst-case scenarios of each project that they are considering prior to making such decisions and following through with actual actions. The Site Owner is providing this Website and its contents to Website readers on an “as-is” basis. The Website visitors’ use of the contents found in this Website is done at the visitors’ own risk. The references and citations mentioned in the contents of this Website were obtained from publicly available information published by researchers or publicly available documents. Such sources of reference information may be believed to be reliable but are without the Site Owner’s independent verification or verification by third-party independent auditing firms. Therefore, Website visitors are strongly recommended that they perform their own due diligence to perform verification of the references mentioned in the contents. The Site Owner cannot assure Website readers that the information provided in the contents of this Website is accurate, comprehensive or otherwise complete.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: USE CONTENT AT YOUR OWN RISK
The Site Owner does not in any way whatsoever warrant or guarantee the success of any action that Website readers may take in reliance on the contents found in this Website. The Site Owner disclaims any and all liability in the event that any information, commentary, analysis, opinions, facts, data, numbers, or other statements contained in this Website prove to be inaccurate, incomplete or unreliable. The contents of this Website may contain errors, and any content in this Website found to be accurate at one point in time may become obsolete, inaccurate, imprecise or irrelevant at any future point in time, in light of the pace of accelerated changes taking place in the construction building industry.
Updated August 6, 2021
PRIVACY POLICY, TERMS AND CONDITIONS
Thank you for visiting the US Industrial Group®, LLC’s website, https://usindustrialgroup.com,herein referred to as the “Website.” For the purposes of this Privacy Policy and Terms and Conditions, the US Industrial Group®, LLC will be referred to herein as the “Site Owner.” This Privacy Policy explains the Site Owner’s online information practices and the choices you can make about the information collected through the Website. The policy is designed to implement transparency into privacy practices.
PRIVACY POLICY: INFORMATION NOT COLLECTED BY SITE OWNER
Your personal information (e.g., name, phone number, email address, and payment information), when you simply visit the Website to read information and browse the contents.
PRIVACY POLICY: INFORMATION COLLECTED BY SITE OWNER
However, any information you may submit to the Website through the use of the Contact Form or by emailing the company at contact@usindustrialgroup.com may be stored in Site Owner databases until the Site Owner is notified by you in writing to delete such information from the Site Owner’s records, or until, internal records retention expiry dates have passed, pursuant to state and Federal regulations and to the extent as permitted by law. In addition, any information you may submit to the Site Owner through the use of the Store Front feature of the Website to provide payment for estimates, services, products and/or goods, such payment and shipping or delivery transaction related information may be stored in the Site Owner’s databases until the Site Owner is notified by you in writing to delete such personal information from the Site Owner’s records, or until the Site Owner’s internal records retention expiry dates have passed, to the extent as permitted by law.
PRIVACY POLICY: TECHNICAL INFORMATION: The Site Owner may collect technical information (e.g., technical information, including device identifier, IP address, browser type, operating system) and usage information (e.g., how you use and navigate through the site, how you interact with the content you have been shown or have clicked on to download files, if any).
PRIVACY POLICY: LOCATION INFORMATION
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PRIVACY POLICY: DISABLING PRECISE LOCATION INFORMATION
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PRIVACY POLICY: HOW THE INFORMATION IS USED
The information is used for the purposes described in this policy or disclosed at the time of collection or with your consent. The technical and usage information is used to improve the functionality and content of the Website, and to develop, maintain, protect, and improve the Website. Such technical information is also used to perform analytics, including to analyze the performance of the Website and to identify, protect against and prevent fraud and other unlawful activity to the extent of the Site Owner and the Site Owner’s Service Providers’ existing technical capabilities. The technical information may be used to create aggregate data about groups or categories of Website users, and for the Site Owner and any of the Site Owner’s affiliates, business partners, and select Third Parties to use that information to make business decisions.
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PRIVACY POLICY: SERVICE PROVIDERS
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PRIVACY POLICY: LINKED SITES
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PRIVACY POLICY: INFORMATION SECURITY
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PRIVACY POLICY: CALIFORNIA CONSUMER RIGHTS NOTICE
California Residents who use the Website are provided the following Consumer Rights Notice under California Code Section 1789.3: You can contact the Complaint Assistance Unit of the California Department of Consumer Affairs as follows:
In Writing: 400 R Street, Suite 1080, Sacramento, CA 95814
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PRIVACY POLICY: NOTIFICATION REGARDING PRIVACY POLICY UPDATES
The Site Owner reserves the right to update this Privacy Policy per business requirements or per changes in laws and regulations pertaining to the company’s business. The Site Owner will notify you about material changes to this Privacy Policy via a notice on the Website, as shown through the “Last Update” on “Month, Day, Year” of a revision or update to this Privacy Policy.
PRIVACY POLICY: HOW TO CONTACT THE SITE OWNER
If you have any questions about this Privacy Policy you may contact the Site Owner by Phone at (919) 296-3003 or by Email at contact@usindustrialgroup.com
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: GENERAL DISCLAIMERS
The content provided in this Website is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be a source of advice about the material presented. The content provided does not constitute legal, financial, investment or business management advice and should never be used by Website visitors to make decisions or take action without first consulting with a professional to determine what may be best for the Website reader’s needs. Content contained or made available through this Website is not intended to and does not constitute legal advice, management advice, building construction advice and no attorney-client relationship is formed between the Site Owner and the Website readers. All Website readers should fully understand all the risks associated with any kind construction, building, and repair activity that they choose to participate in and fully understand the worst-case scenarios of each project that they are considering prior to making such decisions and following through with actual actions. The Site Owner is providing this Website and its contents to Website readers on an “as-is” basis. The Website visitors’ use of the contents found in this Website is done at the visitors’ own risk. The references and citations mentioned in the contents of this Website were obtained from publicly available information published by researchers or publicly available documents. Such sources of reference information may be believed to be reliable but are without the Site Owner’s independent verification or verification by third-party independent auditing firms. Therefore, Website visitors are strongly recommended that they perform their own due diligence to perform verification of the references mentioned in the contents. The Site Owner cannot assure Website readers that the information provided in the contents of this Website is accurate, comprehensive or otherwise complete.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: USE CONTENT AT YOUR OWN RISK
The Site Owner does not in any way whatsoever warrant or guarantee the success of any action that Website readers may take in reliance on the contents found in this Website. The Site Owner disclaims any and all liability in the event that any information, commentary, analysis, opinions, facts, data, numbers, or other statements contained in this Website prove to be inaccurate, incomplete or unreliable. The contents of this Website may contain errors, and any content in this Website found to be accurate at one point in time may become obsolete, inaccurate, imprecise or irrelevant at any future point in time, in light of the pace of accelerated changes taking place in the construction building industry.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: PURCHASES AND PAYMENTS
The website https://usindustrialgroup.comand its Online Shop website page, including and without limitation of its content, all of the foregoing is referred to herein as the “Website”, are provided and operated by US Industrial Group®, LLC (the “Site Owner”) jointly with third parties. Your use of the Website is subject to these Terms and Conditions, as well as all applicable State, Federal and municipal laws. Your use of this Website confirms your acceptance of the Terms and Conditions as well as confirms your acknowledgement that the personal information provided by you either directly or indirectly through website pages, while setting up an account, paying for services and products, and accessing and/or using the Website will be handled according to the Privacy Policy located on this Legal page of the Website.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: AGE REQUIREMENTS
The Website is not intended for use by minors to browse through or purchase products, therefore, if you are an individual who is of minor age (under the age of 18 years old), you may use this Website to pay for services or products only with the approval of your parent or legal guardian. You are to ensure that your access and use of this Website is legal per the jurisdiction in which or through which you are accessing, reading, or otherwise using this Website.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: WEBSITE USER REGISTRATION
In order to simply access the Website to read information and view the Material (herein defined as all text materials, graphics, artwork, audio and video material, and other content that is made available through the Website, you are not required to become a registered user of the Website. Nonetheless, in order to obtain access to some of the Website resources and to make some purchases of services or goods, you may be required to become a registered user of the Website. In the set up of your account with the Website as a registered user, you will be asked to provide information that you agree to update and maintain as accurately as possible for the time period during which you remain a registered user of the Website. You agree to accept the condition of the Website that the information that you have inputted is correct, up-to-date and complete, and you agree to represent and warrant that you are authorized to provide such information that you provide upon registering for your account with the Website. In the event that the Site Owner considers at its sole discretion that the information you provided are not accurate, up-to-date or complete, the Site Owner reserves the right to refuse your access to the Online Shop or any of its corresponding resources and thereby reserves the right to terminate and/or suspend your account as well as reserves the right to cancel any order that you may have placed.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: USERNAME
As you establish a username and password, if your username is being used by someone else, or may not be legally approved, or may be protected by trademark and/or other proprietary laws and intellectual property laws, or may be profane and/or offensive for any reason, the Site Owner reserves the right to refuse your access to the Online Shop or any of its corresponding resources and thereby reserves the right to terminate and/or suspend your account as well as reserves the right to cancel any order that you may have placed. You agree to not transfer your registered access to the Website to any third party and you agree that you are responsible for the confidentiality of your username/password, and you agree that you are responsible for any and all purchases, payments or activities that transpire or are conducted through the use of your registered account. The Site Owner disclaims any and all liability for any loss or damages resulting from your failure to follow through and fulfill and abide by all of the aforementioned terms and conditions of use.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: SERVICE/PRODUCT AVAILABILITY
The Website Site Owner disclaims all liability regarding any unintentional inaccuracies, or errors regarding product or service descriptions and their corresponding availabilities and/or other matters except as provided by state, Federal and municipal laws. The Site Owner also disclaims all liability related to availability of services, goods or products, and Site Order does not guarantee that any such services, goods, or products listed on the Website page at any given time will be in stock or remain available. Furthermore, the Site Owner may, at the Site Owner’s discretion, discontinue at any given time offering the service, good or product, at its sole discretion. The Website Site Owner reserves the right to limit order quantities of services, goods, and/or products at the Site Owner’s discretion, as well as the right to update and change information regarding services or products. In the event that an order had been placed by you for services, goods or products that are not available, then your order will be canceled for the unavailable service, good or product. In the event that the other items in your order are indeed available, then the remaining order items may continue to be processed by Site Owner for fulfillment, even if the discontinued or backordered and unavailable service or product order is cancelled, unless the Site Owner receives notification otherwise by you to cancel the entire order with all items included. Due to the technical differences in viewing screen of varying mobile telephone devices or desktop and laptop devices, there may be variations in colors as perceived by viewers of the products presented on the Website by the Site Owner. Therefore, the Site Owner disclaims any and all liability regarding the accuracy of the colors and features of every product item for sale as made available on the Website, since the product and goods information is only for informational purposes. The descriptions, commentary, opinions and/or technical information provided on the Website regarding the services, goods or products for sale, are provided for matters of convenience and you may not rely on such text completely as regards to your individual circumstances and needs, and therefore Site Owner disclaims all liability regarding the appropriateness of the information presented on the Website.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: PRICING AND PAYMENTS
Goods and Services are priced in United States Fiat Dollars only, and such goods, products, merchandise and services are only for sale for customers residing in the 48 contiguous states of the United States of America and the District of Columbia (Washington, D.C.). In order to provide payment for purchase of services, goods, and/or products, you represent and warrant that you are of 18 years of age or greater, prior to the provision of such payments, and you agree that you are responsible to pay for all charges related to your purchase, inclusive of all applicable state, Federal and municipal taxes, insurance, shipping and handling costs. You agree to provide a valid and authorized method of payment at the time of your order submission, and you agree also to authorize the amount of your purchase inclusive of all related fees as described herein and that information shall be used by the Site Owner to reserve that authorized amount of funds for pending payment of your purchase. At the point where your good/product is prepared for shipment and leaves our warehousing facilities is when the authorized purchase amount will be charged to your account associated with your selected payment method. If you are a registered user of the Website and therefore use an active Website account through which your orders are submitted and payments are processed, upon placing a product into your shopping cart, you will receive a prompt to input your Website account log-in information, including your username and password. After completing the registered Website account order submission, you will receive email confirmation of an order acknowledgement and/or a receipt of the order to the email address that you provided in relation to your Website registered account. In the event that you submit your order as a Guest, because you do not have a Website account, you may make purchases and payments as a Guest without logging in or registering for a Website account, by providing relevant shipping, payment and other order information as requested by the Site Owner, for each time you make a purchase as a Website account non-registered Guest and for each time your make such purchases, you must agree that the information you provide to the Site Owner is accurate, correct and complete and you must agree to the Terms and Conditions as outlined herein, as well as agree with the Policy Privacy found on the Legal page of the Website, and any other applicable Terms and Conditions. The Site Owner disclaims any and all liabilities or damages related to the products as limited by the amount you paid for such products, and you agree to indemnify, hold harmless and defend the Site Owner, the Site Owner’s affiliates, and any Third Parties that are employed by or acting on behalf of the Site Owner from and against any claims from you or any third parties related to your purchase of services, goods or products though this Website or related to your use of such services, goods or products purchased through this Website. Only the following payment methods are accepted at this time and such are the options that will be made available to you at the time of check out: Visa®, MasterCard®, American Express®, and PayPal®. Charges shall appear on your credit card or PayPal statement as “US INDUSTRIAL GROUP.” The Website Site Owner reserves the right, at its sole discretion, to cancel your order in certain circumstances if the Site Owner suspects fraudulent activity or the information provided by you appears inaccurate or for any other reason, to the fullest extent permitted by law, even if you had already received an automatically generated acknowledgement of your order submission.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: SHIPPING AND DELIVERY
Shipments of goods/products shall be sent to the address that you provide at Check-Out pertaining to your particular purchase Transaction. All shipments will be sent via the United States Post Office Priority Mail Service. You are responsible for shipping and handling fees, which will be determined in a variable manner based on your particular shipping destination address and location and such shipping fee will be displayed during your Checkout Process and prior to the Final Order Submission step. No delivery times can be guaranteed at this time by the Site Owner, due to the issues and difficulties related to Delivery Timings of many carriers due to the COVID-19 national crises, which may have varying impacts on shipping times for different regions in the United States. When delivery is initiated from the Site Owner’s Warehousing Facilities, you will receive an email with the Shipping confirmation notification, along with a link to the specific Tracking Information relevant to the United State Post Office system. No other delivery mechanism shall be used, and no guaranteed delivery times are promised by the Site Owner. If packages are not collected or declined upon delivery, the Site Owner will not assume any or all liability of losses to the customer who had refused to pick up the delivery or refused the delivery of a product or good that was ordered through the Website.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: ORDER CANCELLATION
In the event that you wish to change or cancel your order, you agree to contact the Site Owner by calling the Site Owner Business Phone Line (919) 296 3003 and leave a message with your name, phone number, order number and/or by email at contact@usindustrialgroup.com
Such requests for change or cancelling your order cannot be guaranteed once your order has been submitted and at present, no refunds or returns are made available for any physical or products and/or goods that were ordered and left our warehouse facilities for shipping to the destination address. If a digital product was already downloaded after payment submission was confirmed, no refund or return of such digital information products shall be permitted.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: PAYMENT FOR SERVICES
For any services that were ordered and payment submitted through the Website’s Store Front, a separate job-specific Terms and Conditions and Returns/Refunds/Cancellation policy will be made available to you depending on the nature of the service being requested.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: WEBSITE AND EMAIL SECURITY
As a condition of use of the Website, you agree not to interfere with or abuse the security of the Website, and you agree not to abuse any Material displayed on the Website. You also agree not to interfere with or abuse the services, servers, server networks, networks, or system resources that are accessible or connected through the Website or any affiliated or linked websites, and you agree not to access or tamper with any non-publicly accessible portions of the Website. You agree that any such unauthorized attempt(s) to access the Website’s non-publicly accessible areas may be subject to prosecution. In addition, you agree not to use any methods to index, data-mine, circumvent the structure of navigation of the Website itself, or represent the Website in a manner that is akin to displaying an imposter version of the Website within another website that is unauthorized by the Site Owner. No language contained herein may be construed as conferring any license, right or permission of use of any patent, trademark, copyright and/or any other intellectual property that is owned by Site Owner or any of Site Owner’s affiliates, or the Site Owner’s licensors of any of the intellectual property aforementioned within, and no such language may be construed as conferring such by implication or estoppel. The Site Owner does not make any representations or warranties regarding the condition of this Website, including its accessibility, function, performance, accuracy, comprehensiveness, or appropriateness of any content or Material presented, and the Site Owner disclaims all liabilities related to the Website as it pertains to it being free of viruses, defects, errors and/or any other harmful elements that may be related to your use and access of the Website. The Site Owner disclaims all liability related to the general risks surrounding the use of the Internet in that complete security and confidentiality is not possible and is not guaranteed or warranted by the Site Owner. Thus, you should not send any personal information to the Site Owner via email unless adequate security measures have been instituted to ensure that the communications are secure and encrypted accordingly. The Site Owner, nor the Site Owner’s affiliates or Third Party Service Providers shall not be liable for any losses, damages or interceptions resulting during your transmission of any information to the Site Owner via email. All such email communications and any communications that you send through the Contact Use Comment Submission form bear such information security risks as mentioned herein and you as the Website user assume all risks related to such communications. All software being used to publish and operate the Website is not owned by the Site Owner, but it is provided by Third-Party Software and Service Providers with whom the Site Owner has a prearranged agreement between such vendors and the Site Owner, pursuant to various license agreement and usage agreements. Therefore, the Site Owner disclaims any and all liability related to the software involved in the Website’s operations and functions, and any queries or complaints shall be directed to the software vendor as appropriate, as you are solely responsible for your equipment and/or devices used in the access and use of the Website’s features. You agree not to include information into the Website that may constitute language classified as the basis for libel, defamation, slander, obscenity, profanity, language promoting hate or racism or language that may result in civil or criminal liabilities. Any damage resulting from your use of the Website shall be your sole responsibility, including any damages incurred in your computer equipment, hardware, connections, compatibility, or configurations of the varying elements or components of your equipment, related to any sessions of time and activity that you engaged in on the Website, or of its Materials, including your inadvertent downloading of malware, software and viruses, of which the Site Owner, the Site Owner’s affiliates and the Site Owner’s Service Providers disclaim any and all liability thereof. In addition, the Site Owner, the Site Owner’s affiliates and the Site Owner’s Service Providers disclaim any and all liability related to unauthorized access to your computing device systems by hackers or other criminal agents. The Site Owner reserves the right to use all submitted information by you to investigate any suspected violation of these Terms and Conditions as well as the right to suspend or cancel Website registered user accounts whose activities demonstrate a violation of these Terms and Conditions. In the event of such investigations and information submitted thereof is related to investigations initiated by law enforcement agencies, you will waive all claims and hold the Site Owner harmless and free of liability for all actions taken by law enforcement as a consequence of such investigations, because the Site Owner is legally responsible for fully cooperating with any law enforcement officials or authorities, as well as any court orders, requesting that the Site Owner disclose any and all information provided by users on the Website.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: CONTENT DISCLAIMERS
You agree that your use this Website, the Online Shop and content and Material found therein at your own risk, and that your use and reliance on the content or Material found on the Website is your own responsibility and it is not the responsibility of the Site Owner. In no event or scenario, to the full extent permissible by law, shall the Site Owner, the any of its owners, directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, or Third Party affiliates shall be liable for any damages, losses or claims resulting from your use of the Material or other content related to this Website. The Site Owner, unless otherwise expressly and explicitly noted accordingly, and the Site Owner’s Third Party affiliates or the Site Owner’s Service Providers, as applicable, are the owners of all the rights to all Material and the Website contents including relevant trademarks, copyrights, intellectual property rights, any proprietary information rights, service marks, trade dress, and any other rights related to publicity and privacy rights related to any of the aforementioned matters. You agree to not use, reproduce, republish or display any of the trademarks, logos, service marks, copyrighted materials or any other intellectual property that belongs to the Site Owner without express and explicit written permission from the Site Owner to do so. Therefore, without the express and explicit written permission from the Site Permitting you to do so, you may not republish, download, post, reproduce, copy, display or use the Website’s Materials or trademarks or copyrighted intellectual property whether in whole or in part. As a feature of convenience and for informational purposes, this Website may contain hyperlinks and reference links to other websites but the Site Owner does not expressly or explicitly or implicitly in an implied manner or by reference endorse necessarily the content available on these other linked websites or the information or content or materials available therein, and the Site Owner does not assume any responsibility and disclaims any liability for any such non-Site Owner websites, information, or contents posted in those websites, including any services, goods or products found on those websites.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: SEVERABILITY
The Site Owner maintains severability in that if any provision as delineated by these Terms and Conditions are rendered invalid or unenforceable by any authority in a particular jurisdiction, that does not in any manner, shape or form render such provision of the Terms and Conditions likely invalid or unenforceable in any other jurisdiction. The laws governing these terms shall be the laws of the State of Wyoming, and you agree to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of any federal or state court located in the State of Wyoming and you agree to waive any objection to such Wyoming courts as the forum and venue of related jurisdictional matters. You agree to comply with all laws applicable to your jurisdiction in the country, state and municipality in which you reside. Any exportation, re-exportation or importation of any goods or products found on this Website shall not be permitted if done so in violation of any laws applicable to your jurisdiction.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: FORCE MAJEURE
In the event of war, future pandemics, political instabilities, riots, lockouts, strikes, natural disasters and extreme measures instituted by public authorities, these Terms and Conditions may be subject to a limited performance thereof on the part of the Site Owner, the Site Owner’s affiliates, the Site Owner’s Third Party Service Providers, and the Site Owner’s employees, contractors and subcontractors, pending the duress experienced by the aforementioned entities, surrounding such circumstances.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS: RIGHT TO MODIFY
The Site Owner maintains the right to modify, change, or update these Terms and Conditions at the sole discretion of the Site Owner. The date on which the Terms and Conditions were most recently updated shall be found on the “Last Updated” text followed by the “Month, Day, Year” located at the very beginning of the Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions. You agree to review the updated version of the Privacy Policy, as well as the Terms and Conditions, on every visit of the Website and every use of the Website’s features.
CAUTIONARY NOTE ON FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Website may contain statements that could be construed to be considered “forward-looking statements” even though there are no financial projections or any expectations of financial gain are suggested in any explicit fashion. However, due to the recent launch of this new construction company seeking to potentially operate in high risk and high dollar projects, which is the focus this Website, this Cautionary Note has been included as part of this Website’s Terms and Conditions language. Forward-looking statements may include any suggestions in this Website, or within the No Bull Blog, as they refer to any expectations, plans, intentions, performance for financial conditions, as identified by such terms as “believe,” “expect,” “plan,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “may,” “should,” “will” or other words or similar expressions, although not all forward looking statements may contain such terms. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks, both known and unknown, that could cause actual financial results to differ materially from those implied or perceived to be implied as such in forward-looking statements. Such statements may include any reference to or mention of the following risks: Due to the lack of operating history as a business entity within the construction industry, the Site Owner’s general ability to achieve financial, strategic, operational plans, goals may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to develop the direct hire sufficient numbers of and acceptable quality of employee team staff may be at risk, as well as develop necessary partnerships with skilled craftsman subcontractors according to milestone timelines, to fulfill the requirements of any bid proposal as presented and/or accepted by municipal, state and Federal entities representing public projects funded by voters’ bonds or other kinds of publicly backed funding approved by public legislation. The Site Owner’s ability to adapt to changes or trends in a rapidly changing industry involving technological advancements in building materials, engineering science, zoning and inspection requirements, trends in infrastructure code guidance based on COVID-19 pandemic prevention measures, new technological advancement in equipment manufacturing and new project management information technology systems may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to differentiate its products and services from those of its competitors and gain sufficient market share to operationalize its business at launch and then continuing forward as an on-going entity may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to develop and maintain good relationships with government officials, regulators, vendors, manufacturers, subcontractors, city and county inspection officials, zoning committees, community leaders, urban housing and development agencies, the Equal Opportunity Employment agencies, and other relevant entities may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to navigate changes in government accounting regulations, including the regulations surround taxation specific to construction project management, phased payment schemes to downstream subcontracting entities and accounting for progress payments in accordance with state and Federal tax laws may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to navigate changes in government consumer privacy regulations concerning information discerned from consumer use of information technology innovations, the related software deployed and used in market and the data mining practices used to perform analytical market research on that information may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to manage risks related to new technology information systems development, in addition to corresponding consumer information privacy risks related to HIPPA, CCPA, NY SHIELD, individual state laws, and other regulations that form the complex legal privacy matrix. Separately but on a related matter, such information privacy concerns also are pertinent to consideration for the Site Owner’s direct hire employee staff who are not considered “subcontractors” or “1099 staff” per regulations and guidance as specified by the Internal Revenue Service may be at risk. The Site Owner’s ability to gain SBA or Bank loans or financing to launch full operations at the scale necessary to obtain and execute construction project contracts may be at risk. The previously mentioned risks are not all inclusive nor exclusive, since additional specific risks and uncertainties may require full disclosure and discussion with any potential investors, bank officials, tax officials or if and when certain disclosures must be prepared for the IRS, SEC or other government regulatory bodies. The Website reader or Website visitor should not place any undue reliance on forward-looking statements, as they are not guarantees of future performance or results, and are subject to risks, because they are based assumptions that are difficult to predict or quantify, especially for a newly launched construction company seeking to leverage new project management software, new COVID-19 construction management and employment practices and policies and the use of efficient data and payment processing methodology to move away from cash based transactions into a future electronic payment remittance system, including the potential possibility of accepting cryptocurrency payments from customers in lieu of fiat USD funds, as long as such practices have been duly reviewed and approved by regulatory authorities with the appropriate jurisdiction in which such financial transactions may take place. Due to the fast changing nature of the construction technologies involved in the industry, as well as a regulatory oversight frameworks, the Site Owner hereby does not assume any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by law. If this Cautionary Note on Forward-Looking Statements is updated or revised, such date of revision or update shall be reflected at the beginning of the Privacy Policy, Terms and Conditions section denoted by “Last Updated” on “Month, Day, Year.” The Site Owner reserves the right to update such Cautionary Note at its sole discretion.